Pre-production

Working Title Here

The working title of this project is called Urban Dorset

Log Line / USP

My chosen logline for this product is:

Dorset’s different kind of history

I chose this logline because it expresses what the documentary is about which is urban exploring in Dorset. The logline also presents the clear unique selling point which is that it’s based in this area of England, the South and more specifically Dorset. It also leaves a bit of an enigma in the part that says “a different kind of history”, by this I mean I won’t be talking about Dorset’s extensive history, for example, Laurence Of Arabia, 2012 Olympics and King George, I will be talking about and exploring abandoned buildings throughout Dorset, places where you’re not meant to be, this is what makes the documentary different.

Objective

For this assignment to create a documentary short film I plan on producing a 5 minute short documentary about urban exploring in the area of Dorset, often shortened to Urbex, urban exploring is the exploration of derelict and abandoned buildings, explorers do this for many purposes, to take photos and share these photos with their followers if they are famous, or they take them for a sense of achievement that they have been to many places. They also do this as a social event where they will meet up with other urban explorers that they have and haven’t met in order to build strong bonds whilst doing this. Another main purpose of urban exploring is to find out history of their cities abandoned and derelict places.

In this documentary I plan to follow an urban explorer, Adam and his friends on his journey through an urban explore from a view point of someone who has never done it before, I plan to get a few interviews with the explorers as well as get some high quality shots of the buildings I’m going in to.

The purpose of the video is to show my target audiences what urban exploring is and what alternate history is based in Dorset. I want to show people the pros and cons of urban exploring such as getting some great photos and on the other hand getting arrested for it because it’s classed as trespassing. I want to show people that there’s more to their local area then just public places and that there is more history especially with abandoned buildings in the area owned by the army etc.

Description/Overview

The Piece

With this documentary short piece I intend to work with a group of urban explorers headed by Adam Blackwell, a Dorset local, I intend to make a documentary about urban exploring in Dorset and go around to different places to explore them with this group, I intend to conduct multiple interviews with the explorers around the areas that we will be exploring, in these interviews I will get an insight into why they do it, what made them start doing it, how they met, what’s the adrenaline rush that they get out of it, the history behind some of the buildings they have been into, the risks that they have to take when carrying out an urban explore and if they have ever been involved with the authorities over things they have done in the past. I also plan to film a various range of high quality shots of the buildings I explore when I am exploring with the group as well as footage of us getting in and out of the site/sites we go in. when the piece is finished I plan to convey to my audience a non-biased documentary about urban explorers in Dorset that shows what the explorers do, the pros and cons urban exploring as well as showing a range of history of the abandoned buildings, I plan to maybe start it off and round it off with a voiceover showing my findings and as a base conclusion of the experience as a whole.

Location details

I have been keeping in contact with Adam Blackwell who heads the urban exploring group I am following and they are updating me with places that they are going to throughout October that I am going to tag along and film and try and get permission to film in these locations from the owner. At this moment I am waiting on a timetable for filming I have been researching some urban exploring sites throughout Dorset, these sites are;

• Victorian cliff tunnel, Portland

• HM Prison Dorchester, Dorset

• East Weare Batteries and DISTEX site, Portland

• Ancient Dorchester Tunnels

• East Weares Rifle Range, Portland

• Dorchester ROC

• DERA QinetiQ Bincleaves, Weymouth

• Underground Naval HQ and communications centre, Portland

• Royal Naval Cordite Factory and Labs, Holton Heath

• HMS Helicopter Control Tower, Portland

• Portland Underground Hospital

• Breakwater Fort, Portland

• West Lulworth ROC

• Norden Railway Train Graveyard, Corfe Castle

• Upton Fort, Osmington

• Portland ROTOR Bunker

• Tyneham Village, Lulworth

• Abandoned Swimming Pool, Broadmayne

Production and post production requirements

For the production part of this assignment I will be using camera equipment as well as some of the best editing software out there.

The camera equipment that I am considering using to film my documentary will be a camera in the form of a Sony HXR, a Canon DSLR, Black Magic cinema camera or a Gopro, I will probably use a GoPro in combination with one of the other cameras. Additional technical equipment I consider using will be a tripod, a slider, a steady cam glide cam plus a steady cam body mount, I am also considering lighting kits such as a flolight with a flolight stand or just a normal standard Pag light for attachment to a camera with different filters on the light, I don’t want too much lighting because I want a lot of natural lighting in most of the shots, I will also be using a TASCAM recorder for recording high quality sound interviews with my group of urban explorers. The post production software I will use when editing the documentary and making some titles and motion graphics for it will be Adobe software in form of Adobe Photoshop CS6, Adobe After Effects CS6 and Adobe Premiere Pro CS6, I will be using these to edit the video and to make some motion graphics for it. I will also be using Adobe Audition CS6 for use of editing the sound that I have recorded for the interviews as well as natural sound. I will also have a crew with me to help me film as I am filming in dangerous locations.

Treatment

The documentary will open with a title screen showing the name Urban Dorset this will show a few shots with a sound effect of a camera shutter as well as a type writer sound effect when the words of the title come in, this will then move onto an interview with one of my urban explorers Adam Blackwell who will be answering one of my set questions which will be either;

• Why do you like urban exploring?

• What got you into urban exploring?

• What is urban exploring?

• What is the purpose of urban exploring?

• Have you ever been in any dangerous experiences whilst urban exploring?

• What do you do when you go urban exploring?

• Have you ever been arrested in urban exploring?

• What’s the worst experience you’ve had whilst urban exploring?

• What are the best places you’ve been to in the UK?

• What are the best places you’ve been to in the world?

• How did you meet other explorers in the community?

Following this there will then be a sequence showing the urban explorers on an explore with voice over from the urban explorers, I will then feature some shots from the abandoned Dorchester prison and there will be someone on the screen who will be explaining the history behind the prison, this person will either be me, one of the urban explorers or someone who is a local expert on the history behind the place, there will then be an interview with another one of my explorers with one of the set questions I have created. There will then be some more shots of the abandoned prison. There will then be some more interview shots with some more shots of the abandoned prison. I will interview the urban explorers individually with the set questions as well as interviewing them as a group. There will also be some shots of the abandoned swimming pool in Broadmayne as well as Tyneham Village, these will be quick hand held movement shots followed by some more interview shots from my explorers.

Key Messages

The key messages of a piece is what you want to convey to your audience when they watch the piece, they want a long lasting impression and key messages provide this, it is a goal of what I want in the documentary and a goal of what messages I want perceived by the audience in this documentary. The key messages I want to put in this documentary short are

• I want the audience to learn about different abandoned buildings throughout Dorset and a bit about Dorset’s alternative history, by going to different places in Dorset such as The Distex and Battery centre in Portland and the abandoned housing complex in Portland plus many more.

• I want to give the audience of this piece an insight into what urban exploring is, which is the exploration into abandoned buildings and derelict locations to see the history behind them.

• I want to give the audience an insight into what the explorers I am featuring in my documentary do and why they do it and what the purpose of it is, I want the audience to see the photography element behind it and why it is a big movement in the world in this current age.

• I want to give the audience a back story to the explorers I am featuring in this documentary short, the main person I am featuring is a guy called Adam Blackwell who has been urban exploring for quite a long while, I want to document specifically why him and his friends got into it and how they all met and bonded through this.

• I want to convey to my audience that there are certain risks to doing urban explores such as getting arrested, injuring yourself, being caught up in dangerous situations with copper thieves and vandals.

• I want to make sure that this documentary doesn’t promote urban exploring in any way, I don’t want to convince my audience to go out and do this as it is a dangerous activity to participate in which could provide serious risks, I will probably put a disclaimer in the beginning and end of the documentary which says you shouldn’t partake in these events shown as they can cause serious harm to yourself and others.

Target Audience Identification

My main target audience for this documentary short film is for the age demographic of late teens and young adults as well as people in their 30’s and 40’s, so overall 16-40 target audience. I have come to the conclusion to have this as a main demographic because in most cases where there is a group of urban explorers, they are around this age, also to my knowledge usually older people are against it because in most cases it is classed as trespassing and is against the law, quite a lot of owners of these properties are quite old as you see in other documentaries about this topic such as the documentary “Urban Exploration” by film maker Henry Thong[1]. From a bit of research I have found out that there are urban explorers from late teens from about 17 to 19, to young adults and people in their 30’s and 40’s, for example a popular urban explorer from Leeds called phill D who has a blog with hundreds of thousands of followers got into urban exploring when he was 38 [2], whereas other urban explorers such as the secretly named Dark Cyanide who doesn’t reveal his real name is 18 and has built up a massive following from going around and taking photos of these abandoned places[3].

Another obligatory target audience would be urban explorers themselves who go to these places I want to document within the documentary short film.

There is no ethnic demographic necessarily with this documentary short, there is also no class demographic when evaluating this product.

Another secondary target audience would be people who want to know more about Dorset and know more about the abandoned buildings and a sort of alternative history that isn’t glamourized by the media necessarily.

Research Report

When creating a factual production such as a client led video or a documentary, research is a key thing when looking at various different things, you need to look at what target audience your project will appeal to and what you need to put in your form of media to make it true to life as it is a factual project.

There are many different types of research, the first one to look at would be primary research, this consists of basic research through research methods such as surveys, focus groups, vox pops and mail outs, primary research means that the researcher has no control over the variables, the researcher is just trying to find out solid opinions from the public and from the target audience. It basically helps the researcher determine what their target audience is, what the target audience want from a product and what target audiences think of the product. Primary research is researched in a lot of different methods, surveys which are a piece of paper which you fill in tick box multiple choice questions or short 1 sentence answers if there is an “other” field. Another type of primary research is focus groups, this is when you get a small group of people together and get them to talk about the thing you are researching, ask them questions about your product and note down the findings that you get. Another form of primary research is Vox Pops, this is basically a survey that the researcher fills out on behalf of the interviewee, and an example of this is going into the streets and interviewing people about a product and noting your findings.

Secondary research is a bit more complex than the first type of research, this is when the researcher has their primary research and then they constantly analyse it, they analyse it and then do further research which then helps them to put the product together.

There are two main research types, quantitative research, this is the measurement of a specific quantity or amount, for example my research could be 80% of 17-25 year olds said that the target audience for this documentary would be 17-25 year olds. The other type of research is qualitative research which can be used for focus groups and vox pops and in some surveys where there are long answer questions, this is more detailed research, so measuring peoples individual thoughts, opinions and views on the research topic, this sort of research is very helpful for the researcher because it can give the researcher a more detailed approach to the product they are creating, it is used for determining an opinion. Qualitative and quantitative research can go hand in hand when carrying out different research methods, for example if you are using qualitative research to see what the target audience of your product is through surveys or vox pops, you can then conduct detailed interviews and focus groups with your identified target audience to get more of an insight into your product.

Step Outline / Technical Considerations

The title sequence for this documentary will have a range of shots before the documentary opens up, these will be edited with a strobe light and an edit to the beat style camera shutter sound effect, there will then be a picture of an abandoned place I visit and a typewriter sound effect with a type writer animation as the picture behind pans to the left, the text on the screen will say Urban Dorset. The documentary will open with a medium shot of an interview with one of my urban explorers, there will be text on the screen that says his title and urban explorer underneath it. There will then be a motion graphics title sequence of a title screen that says urban Dorset. There will then be a shot of the prison and someone in the cells explaining the history behind it, to do the interviews I will use an audio recorder and a directional microphone. There will then be multiple panning shots of the prison using a slider these will be a range of shots from high angle, medium, close up and more, I will continuously do this whilst there will be a b-roll of a voiceover of the history behind the prison whilst its rolling on the screen. I will be going round the entrance, exits and main and side buildings of the prison whilst having interview audio and audio from someone explaining the history whilst also having shots from the audio from original interviews. There will then be some shots of more places I visit such as Tyneham that I will film with a camera stabilizer and a shoulder mount these will be hand held shots with purpose of them looking handheld in the final product.

Post Production Requirements

The post production requirements that I am going to use to edit this video are;

• Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 video editing program – I will be using this program to edit all of my video files up into order, I will also use this with combination to Adobe After Effects by having different compositions within my timeline in Premiere Pro., I will be using different effects within this program such as colour correction, blending modes within building up other layers.

• Adobe Photoshop CS6 photo editing program – I will be using this program to create some motion graphics, I will then import them into after effects, I will be using adjustment layers as well as blending modes within Photoshop.

• Adobe Audition CS6 – I will be using this program to edit the sound of the interviews I record with my explorers, the audio files after rendering and exporting will then be put into After Effects and Premiere Pro for further editing.

• Adobe After Effects CS6 video editing program – I will use this program to create motion graphics for the visuals and use techniques such as animation, blending modes to build up layers, VFX, SFX and will be using all of this in co-ordination with Photoshop where the graphics created in Photoshop will be imported into After Effects.

• The final delivery format when exported from Adobe Premiere Pro will be in a H.264 format and the composition/timeline settings will be in HDV 1080p

• I will be using a college PC with an Intel Core i7 processor.

Recce / Location Scouting

Because it’s an urban exploring documentary I tend to use some really intense filming locations that are abandoned and derelict, I want these locations to have a very eerie and scary mise en scene, with things such as vandalism, rusty and mouldy structures as well as broken artefacts all around the locations. Here are a few locations that I was thinking of to use for the documentary.

Ocean View, Comer Homes Housing Development, Castle Town, Portland

Comer homes housing development is an abandoned housing development on the isle of Portland,

The site is located next to Ocean view in Castletown, which has been left derelict for about 20 years[4], it was dropped 10 years after approved by the planners, and the site has been purchased by Fulca Ltd, which is part of the Comer Homes Group, the people of Portland describe it as an eyesore and there is constantly criticism that it should be turned into houses or taken down completely.[5]

HM Prison Dorchester, Dorset

This is an abandoned prison in Dorchester that has been closed in 2013 due to being overcrowded and because the government wanted to close small prisons to make way for bigger prisons in not as many locations, the site was bought by cross country housing group and there are plans to go forward to build over 200 homes in this location, the building still stands abandoned and derelict and has a caretaker and full time security patrolling.[6]

Holton Heath Royal Naval Cordite Factory and Laboratories

The factory was built to manufacture cordite and gun propellants in World War 1 and 2, after World War 2 the site was closed down and most of it still stands derelict, quite a lot of it was converted into an industrial estate but a lot of it still stands abandoned and derelict.

Tyneham Village, Lulworth

Tyneham village is known as the village where time stopped, it was an evacuated D-Day village, this would be a good filming location because Tyneham allow filming at any time to anyone as long as the film shoot doesn’t interrupt public access, film crews should also not go in anywhere that says off limits unless permission is granted;

Final filming locations

I have considered these filming locations and I have decided to film my documentary at these locations;

• Tyneham Village – I am going to film here because there’s no trouble getting permission to film in this location as it is free and accessible to the public, also it’s a good and easy location for me to get to.

• Dorchester Prison – I will be filming here to show the urban explorers exploring to show a bit of context behind what I am talking about on my video.

• I will be doing some test footage at my house with the Shoulder mount and sliders. The location is Ten Acres, Conygar, Broadmayne, Dorset, DT2 8LX, I will also be filming the interviews with some urban explorers here as well.

Designated list of questions I am going to be asking my interviewees

When considering ethics you have to make sure that you have a set of questions written out for the interviewee to answer, you must go over what content the questions will be about before the interview to avoid touchy subjects that the interviewees don’t want to get involved with. With my documentary I am going to be asking questions about urban exploring to my explorers. The questions that I plan on asking are;

• What is urban exploring

• How did you get into urban exploring

• What is the scariest experience that you have ever been in when urban exploring

• What’s the best place you have explored in the uk

• Whats the best place you’ve explored in the rest of the world

• Have you ever been arrested for trespassing, damage of property etc.

• How long have you been an urban explorer

• What are the risks of urban exploring

• What do you think on the war on urban exploring, by this I mean it being illegal due to trespassing laws?

• How does it make you feel when you explore a place that’s abandoned?

• Have you ever met anyone in the urban exploring community and became friends with them?

• Is Dorset a great spot for urban exploring?

• Do you know anything about Dorchester Prison

• Have you ever done any urban exploring abroad

These will be the main questions but there will also be sub questions when the interviewee answers. I will have to also have to avoid interviewer bias where questions can make participants answer in a different way.

Target Audience Research Evidence

I have created this survey on popular survey website surveymonkey.com. I have included questions such as what the people answering the question think about the target audience of my idea and why they think that this should be the target audience.

Respondent answer to question 1

Respondent answer to question 2

15-19

The age range would be more focused and have a better understanding of what’s happening.

Children under the age of 14, 15-19, 20-24 and 25-30

Because younger people would like to explore more/have time to explore more, therefore would probably want to watch the documentary. However, older audiences may live vicariously through the person exploring, so may also appeal to them.

20-24

If young people are featured in the video (which i assume they are) then it will appeal to other young people, especially as young people are interested in exploring and stuff as many young people take gap years to go travelling.

15-19 and 20-24

Personally, children under the age of 14 wouldn't be interesting in urban exploration documentaries due to the dart that they are children however, the age range that I stated above would be very interesting in this type of documentary as young adults would most probably find abandoned places very interesting as they evoke vivid reminiscence of the past. Due to the fact that adults over 30 are probably career driven and have kids/ are in the process of having kids, they would not want to spend time watching this kind of documentary.

15-19, 20-24, 25-30, 32-35, 36-40 and 40 and over

I think this has the potential to have a wide range of target audiences, i don't think children would be interested though. i think these target audiences will like this documentary because it’s a topic where you have to have some sort of intellect

This is the target audience survey when it is completed, the most popular answers were 15-19 and 20-24 and the least popular answers were 40 and over, 36-40, 31-35 and children under the age of 14

What I have learnt from my target audience research?

Survey Monkey – the survey monkey survey that I put out about what the target audiences are for this urban exploring asks what you think the audience should be and why they think this, I have learnt that people aged from 15-24 are the most popular target audience for this choice, I have learnt that more younger people enjoy travelling and seeing mysterious places, also I have learnt that people think that young people have time to travel but on contraire older audiences will also enjoy seeing the person/persons exploring. I have also learnt that the documentary has potential to have many target audiences and on the other hand the older age range would also be more focused and have a better understanding of what’s going on. In conclusion I have learnt that I should mainly focus this documentary so that it has a target audience of young people aged 15-24, I am going to do this as well as adding some elements that would be targeted towards the older generation such as showing people explaining what urban exploring is.

Ages of urban explorers- I did some research into how old the people are who partake in urban exploring to get a better insight into the audience I’m going to be targeting this documentary towards. I found a famous urban explorer called Cody Buffinton who is 22 years old, he is a YouTube urban explorer who makes videos, and he has built up a following of about 130,000 subscribers[7]. I also found more Urban explorers on Youtube called Steve who has a channel called exploring with Steve, he is 24 years old and has gained over 220,000 subscribers[8], I have also found an urban explorer called Josh who is 23 years old, he makes urban exploring videos under the channel name Exploring with Josh and has made over 1.5 million subscribers because of this.[9] 19 year old anonymous explorer called Dark Cyanide risks his life to take photos in the subway tunnels of different cities and has built up a lot of followers doing this.[10]

From doing this research I have found that the age of these urban explorers are very young people, the examples I have given show that urban explorers mainly are young people between 19-24, this could definitely count towards my target audience of younger people.

Budget

The budget for this project is basically an outline price of how much the equipment is going to cost and for however many days,

Equipment

Cost

52 seat Lecture Theatre With Blu Ray/Wireless

I will be using this for the pitch and the showcase

£35 per hour

I will be using this for 2 hours so it will be £70.00

Main Suite With Editor

I will be using this to edit my final product with Adobe software of Audition, Premiere Pro and After Effects.

7 days £2000.00

Libec Tripod

I will be using this to mount my camera onto whilst filming interviews.

5 day hire - £120.00

Rifle Mic/Rycote XLR audio kit and 12v lite

I will be using this to record my interviews.

5 day hire - £45.00

Canon DSLR 700D camera

I will be using this camera to film my documentaries and interviews, this is because they are quite easy to carry around and you can manually control it to get the best shot

5 day hire - £120.00

Steady Cam Glide Cam

I will be using this to get some steady shots of the abandoned places, I will mount my camera onto it and cleverly guide it around the buildings.

5 day hire - £160.00

Slider

I will be using this to get some steady panning shots of the derelict places I go to.

5 day hire - £200.00

Total cost for project

£2680

Personnel / Materials

Equipment and details of equipment

Personnel and details of personnel

Canon DSLR 700d – I will be using this camera to film all of my footage, I will be filming the interviews and urban explores with this camera, I have chosen this camera because you can use it manually to get the best type of shots and that’s something I really want to experiment with on this shoot.

Camera operator – this is the person who operates the cameras and records everything that’s going on in the shot, this camera man will be shooting interviews and urban explores

I will be taking on the role of the camera man for the interviews and someone else will be taking on the role of the camera man for the urban explore.

Pag Light – I will be using natural lighting for most of this shoot because I want to make it very natural looking with no artificial light, I want to do this to represent the sheer scariness and eeriness of this location. For the interview shots I want to use an average standard pag light just to light up the interviewees and to light up the scene a bit more so that audience focus is on the urban explorers.

Audio operator – this is the person who operates the audio which in this case is a TASCAM audio recorder with a directional microphone, this person will follow me around with the audio recorder whilst I do interviews with my explorers the audio operator will also record the sounds of the explore.

Libec tripod – I will be using this tripod to mount my camera onto when doing interview shots with my urban explorers.

Interviewees – my interviewees will be an urban exploring group from Dorset headed by Adam Blackwell, he has a lot of urban exploring experience under his belt, and they will be featured in my documentary lots.

Koolertron slider – I am using a slider to get some stabilised panning shots of the places I visit and go to.

Steady cam – I will be going to use a steady cam to mount my camera onto and to get some steady stabilised shots of the places I visit, it will be like a head on point of view shot from my view point where I am walking into.

Risk Assessment / Health & Safety Issues

Health and safety issue

How I’m going to deal with this

Slipping, tripping and falling

Make sure that suitable footwear is worn

Make sure that any ground we are walking on isn’t slippery or wet

Make sure that there are no loose cables or loose wires on the floor where you are walking around.

Equipment security

Make sure that all of the camera equipment is safe and supervised by a crew member at all times.

Never leave the filming equipment unattended at any times and make sure it is not broken when exploring these places.

Film crew security

Will make sure that we have a phone on us at all times and that the emergency services and council know that we are in these buildings,

We will also stay together at all times so that our security isn’t at risk.

Unstable buildings

Will make sure that we are in the parts of the property that are the most safe and the most stable, will check the building out before starting to film.

Asbestos

When I get permission to film in these abandoned places I am going to ask the owners if there are any asbestos filled parts of the building.

For extra precaution I am going to get some asbestos masks to protect me and my filming crew.

Unstable floors

I am going to evaluate the floor surfaces to see if they are stable before me and any of my crew members walk on them.

Contingency Plan

A contingency plan is the next step plan for if something goes wrong, it could address minor things going wrong as well as major things going wrong such as the shoot completely going wrong, technical equipment going wrong and interviewees dropping out etc.

My contingency plan is as follows;

Fair use

Within a documentary an idea of ‘Fair use’ is thrown around, it is a copyright law, it shows fair practice when using other people’s work. Fair use is where you use other people’s work in your work fairly, as long as the author and originality of the clip is mentioned and you are not ripping off the material you are using to make money then this is fine, uses of fair use are the use of news reporting when referencing clips of things to report on, incidental inclusion, making a parody or analysis of an original video and to add something to the original work. Within my documentary I am thinking of using some urban exploring TV news articles so this would be classed as fair use as I am adding to it and not using it to make money[14]

Research ethics in terms of a documentary and the interviewees within it

When filming any factual or commercial media, in this case a documentary you have to deal with a certain deal of ethics as the film maker, the documentary maker faces multiple challenges when making the film. As a documentary maker you have to spend lots of time with the subjects, this is why the ethics of filming a documentary is a lot different to news reporting, they get deeply involved with the aspects of the subjects lives and the ethical relationship between film maker and subjects of the documentary[15]. The different ethics that you have to deal with are as follows;

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LP55qKyo2cw

[2] http://www.urbanghostsmedia.com/2012/12/interview-with-urban-explorer-phill-d/

[3] http://www.featureshoot.com/2015/03/18-year-old-urbex-photographer-dark-cyanide-shows-us-a-hidden-view-of-nyc/

[4] http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/13898065.Portland_councillors_pushing_for_Isle__eyesore__to_be_transformed_into_housing/

[5] http://www.dorsetecho.co.uk/news/11415176.Fresh_move_to_restart_island_scheme___but_affordable_homes_could_be_dropped/

[6] http://www.28dayslater.co.uk/hm-prison-dorchester-dorset-february-2016.t101708

[7] www.famousbirthdays.com/people/cody-buffinton.html

[8] http://www.famousbirthdays.com/people/exploring-with-steve.html

[9] http://www.famousbirthdays.com/people/exploring-with-steve.html

[10] http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3420854/Dark-dangerous-illegal-Urban-explorer-known-Dark-Cyanide-risks-life-photographing-New-York-subway-tunnels-dead-night.html

[11] www.ofcom.org.uk/about/what-is-ofcom

[12] consumers.ofcom.org.uk/tv-radio/television/the-broadcasting-code/

[13] http://www.britishfilmcommission.org.uk/crew-facilities/locations/filming-in-public-spaces/

[14] https://www.copyrightservice.co.uk/copyright/p09_fair_use

[15] http://www.indiewire.com/2014/10/the-ethics-of-documentary-filmmaking-69007/

[16] http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/interviewer-bias.html

[17] http://www.vcsu.edu/cmsfiles/76/bias_lh5.pdf

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